[9] They have been found in the Caribbean and the Atlantic coasts of Africa and South America for less than 500 years (the Caribbean native inhabitants do not have a dialect term for them, but use the Portuguese name), but evidence of their presence on the Pacific coast of South America antedates Christopher Columbus's arrival in the Americas. Adkins S.W., M. Foale and Y.M.S. Scientific name: Cocos nucifera Pronunciation: KOE-koase noo-SIFF-er-uh Common name(s): Coconut Palm Family: Arecaceae USDA hardiness zones: 10B through 11 (Fig. Australian cities put much effort into de-fruiting decorative coconut trees to ensure that the mature coconuts do not fall and injure people. Coconuts could not reach inland locations without human intervention (to carry seednuts, plant seedlings, etc.) [142], species of flowering plant in the palm family Arecaceae, This article is about the plant. Unresolved name. [84] With this, it will no more be considered as a tree and no permission will be required by the forest department before cutting a coconut tree. In India, this is used in Hindu rituals. Perera, Champa K. Bandaranayake and Hugh C. Harries. [51] The female flower is much larger than the male flower. The fruit however was compacted in the fossilization process and it was not possible to determine if it had the diagnostic three pores that characterize members of the tribe Cocoseae. The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut") can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. [95], Coconut milk and coconut cream extracted from grated coconut is frequently added to various dessert and savory dishes, as well as in curries and stews. (2008). The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. Copra is the dried meat of the seed and after processing produces coconut oil and coconut meal. Many insect pests and diseases affect the species and are a nuisance for commercial production. [23] They are now almost ubiquitous between 26° N and 26° S except for the interiors of Africa and South America. The main purpose of having a scientific name is to have a same name accepted and used worldwide. [137], It was the main food of adherents of the now discontinued Vietnamese religion Đạo Dừa. ", https://source.wustl.edu/2011/06/deep-history-of-coconuts-decoded, "Germination rate is the significant characteristic determining coconut palm diversity". [123][124][125] Amphioctopus marginatus is the first invertebrate known to be able to use tools.[124][126]. Cocos nucifera L. Preferred Common Name. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. [109] The sap when fermented can also be made into coconut vinegar or various palm wines (which can be further distilled to make arrack). Distribution, Origin and Cultivation of the Coconut Palm. As development continues, cellular layers of endosperm deposit along the walls of the coconut, becoming the edible coconut "flesh". Rank Scientific Name and Common Name; Kingdom: Plantae ... Cocos nucifera L. – coconut palm Subordinate Taxa. Family Arecaceae (palm family) Subfamily Cocoideae Non-preferred scientific names Palma cocos Miller Common names coconut, coconut palm (English) ha‘ari (Society Islands) iru (Palau) lu (Yap, Kosrae) ni (Pohnpei, Marshall Islands) It can be used in liquid form as would other vegetable oils, or in solid form as would butter or lard. [94] Coconut milk can be diluted to create coconut milk beverages. Cocos nucifera Taxonomy ID: 13894 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid13894) current name In the Malay language, it is pokok seribu guna ("the tree of a thousand uses"). It is also often stated that coconuts can travel 110 days, or 3,000 miles (4,800 km), by sea and still be able to germinate. They can be sorted mainly into tall cultivars, dwarf cultivars, and hybrid cultivars (hybrids between talls and dwarfs). It is most strikingly displayed in Madagascar, an island settled by Austronesian sailors at around 2000 to 1500 BP. The aim is to knock a coconut off the stand and win it. Per 100-gram serving, coconut water contains 19 calories and no significant content of essential nutrients. In Vanuatu, coconut palms for copra production are generally spaced 9 m (30 ft) apart, allowing a tree density of 100 to 160 per hectare (40 to 65 per acre). Scientific name, The discovery of this behavior was observed in Bali and North Sulawesi in Indonesia between 1998 and 2008. [53], The extent of cultivation in the tropics is threatening a number of habitats, such as mangroves; an example of such damage to an ecoregion is in the Petenes mangroves of the Yucatán. [citation needed] They are also used in Hindu weddings as a symbol of prosperity. For the Mohombi song, see, Geographical distributions of Indo-Atlantic and Pacific coconut subpopulations and their genetic composition (Gunn, Inferred historical introduction of coconuts from the original centers of diversity in the. (April 2006). The shell, freed from the husk, and heated on warm ashes, exudes an oily material that is used to soothe dental pains in traditional medicine of Cambodia. This very tall palm tree is always an inviting symbol of the tropics. Ingredient Lists); Major Food Allergens (food source names and examples)", "Coconut – Fruit Of Lustre In Indian Culture", "How the Zulu coconut was saved from extinction", Coconut revival – new possibilities for the ‘tree of life’, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coconut&oldid=995702024, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Articles with Portuguese-language sources (pt), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2018, Articles needing additional references from May 2016, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles needing additional references from August 2016, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Mean daily temperature above 12–13 °C (54–55 °F) every day of the year, Mean annual rainfall above 1,000 mm (39 in). However, admixture, the transfer of genetic material, evidently occurred between the two populations. It contended that this would have provided the necessary evolutionary pressures, and would account for morphological factors such as a thick husk to protect against ocean degradation and provide a moist medium in which to germinate on sparse atolls. Newly germinated coconuts contain an edible fluff of marshmallow-like consistency called sprouted coconut or coconut sprout, produced as the endosperm nourishes the developing embryo. Such an origin indicates that the coconuts were not introduced naturally, such as by sea currents. Omani people needed the coir rope from the coconut fiber to stitch together their traditional seagoing dhow vessels in which nails were never used. [133] Irrespective of their religious affiliations, fishermen of India often offer it to the rivers and seas in the hopes of having bountiful catches. [74], In cooler climates (but not less than USDA Zone 9), a similar palm, the queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana), is used in landscaping. For asthma: Drink 15-30 mL (1-2 spoonfuls) of coconut oil 2-3 times a day. Flower Color: Yellowish green, Creamy yellow. Cocos nucifera L. The ancient coconut groves of Dhofar were mentioned by the medieval Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta in his writings, known as Al Rihla. Cocos L. – coconut palm : Species: Cocos nucifera L. – coconut palm, Palma de Coco The leaves also provide material for baskets that can draw well water and for roofing thatch; they can be woven into mats, cooking skewers, and kindling arrows as well. (January 27, 1967). Gasa suggested, for lack of paper, delivering by dugout canoe a message inscribed on a husked coconut shell, reading “Nauru Isl commander / native knows posit / he can pilot / 11 alive need small boat / Kennedy.”[117] This coconut was later kept on the president's desk, and is now in the John F. Kennedy Library.[118]. A young, well-maintained tree can produce around 300 litres (66 imp gal; 79 US gal) of toddy per year, while a 40-year-old tree may yield around 400 litres (88 imp gal; 110 US gal). They need year round warmth and moisture to grow well and fruit. [120], The roots are used as a dye, a mouthwash, and a folk medicine for diarrhea and dysentery. Coconut palms are hard to establish in dry climates, and cannot grow there without frequent irrigation; in drought conditions, the new leaves do not open well, and older leaves may become desiccated; fruit also tends to be shed. Wetland Status. Cocos nucifera The leaves are pinnnately compound and up to 7 m in length. In Australia, a Cocos-like fossil fruit, measuring 10 cm (3.9 in) × 9.5 cm (3.7 in), were recovered from the Chinchilla Sand Formation dated to the latest Pliocene or basal Pleistocene. : High Typical Height: 50'- 80' OA. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report. The leaves are used for thatching houses, or for decorating climbing frames and meeting rooms in Cambodia, where the plant is known as dôô:ng.[113]. In particular, the area around Salalah maintains large coconut plantations similar to those found across the Arabian Sea in Kerala. Description. The leaves are arranged in a spiral fashion grouped at the growing tip. Coconut Acid is a mixture of fatty acids derived from Coconut Oil. Macapuno is a coconut variety with a jelly-like coconut meat. Plant Form : Tree Mathur, P.N. The name comes from the old Portuguese and Spanish word coco, meaning 'head' or 'skull', after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. However, like most palm fossils, Cocos-like fossils are still putative, as they are usually difficult to identify. Indo-Atlantic coconuts were also introduced into the Atlantic Ocean by Portuguese ships from their colonies in coastal India and Sri Lanka; first being introduced to coastal West Africa, then onwards into the Caribbean and the east coast of Brazil. Common Names: Cocos nucifera The Coconut / Buko tree ; (Cocos nucifera), is a member of the family Arecaceae (palm family) The Coconut / Buko tree is of the genus Cocos. A dried half coconut shell with husk can be used to buff floors. A coconut can be hollowed out and used as a home for a rodent or small birds. The name comes from the old Portuguese and Spanish word coco, meaning ‘head’ or ‘skull’ after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. According to the Rules of ICBN the names of the families should end in -aceae. Leaves are also woven into small piuches that are filled with rice and cooked to make pusô and ketupat.[119]. Scientific Name: Cocos L. (Arecaceae) nucifera L. Related Plants 'Fiji Dwarf' 'Green Malayan' 'Jamaican Tall' 'Malay … and Koop Wind (Eds.). typica) or dwarf (var. It is a haustorium, a spongy absorbent tissue formed from the distal portion of embryo during coconut germination, facilitates absorption of nutrients for the growing shoot and root. Per 100-gram serving with 354 calories, raw coconut meat supplies a high amount of total fat (33 grams), especially saturated fat (89% of total fat), moderate content of carbohydrates (15 grams), and protein (3 grams). The coconut populations in the island show genetic admixture between the two subpopulations indicating that Pacific coconuts were brought by the Austronesian settlers that later interbred with the local Indo-Atlantic coconuts. [108] They can also be processed to extract palm sugar. The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the palm tree family (Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus Cocos. scientific name of coconut. Coconut Oil, also called Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil, is a pale-yellow, semisolid, edible oil. DESCRIPTION. [67] Yellowing diseases affect plantations in Africa, India, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Pacific Region. Santos, G.A., Batugal, P.A., Othman, A., Baudouin, L., and Labouisse J.P. 1996. [96][97] It can also be diluted into a beverage. [12] The earliest direct description is given by Cosmas Indicopleustes in his Topographia Christiana written around 545, referred to as "the great nut of India". The common name of this plant in Spanish is El cocotero. John S. Wilson (1959), Scouting Round the World. The reasons why coconut are cultivated only in Yemen's Al Mahrah and Hadramaut governorates and in the Sultanate of Oman, but not in other suitable areas in the Arabian Peninsula, may originate from the fact that Oman and Hadramaut had long dhow trade relations with Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and Zanzibar, as well as southern India and China. [68], The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. The exocarp and mesocarp make up the "husk" of the coconuts. Spraying with wettable sulfur 0.4% or with Neem-based pesticides can give some relief, but is cumbersome and labor-intensive. Description. [75] A sprouting coconut seed is the logo for Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia, the Indonesian scouting organization. [105], The sap derived from incising the flower clusters of the coconut is drunk as neera, also known as toddy or tubâ (Philippines), tuak (Indonesia and Malaysia) or karewe (fresh and not fermented, collected twice a day, for breakfast and dinner) in Kiribati. Decayed roots are replaced regularly as the tree grows new ones. 240 p. Bertrand, Mireille. For urinary ailments: Drink 250 mL (1 cup) of coconut water 4-6 times a day 31. Scientific nameThe binomial name of coconut is Cocos nucifera. However, it is not native and display a genetic bottleneck resulting from a founder effect. Hearts of palm are eaten in salads, sometimes called "millionaire's salad". The coconut has cultural and religious significance in certain societies, particularly in India, where it is used in Hindu rituals. (1995). They also include fossil fruits that have been tentatively identified as modern Cocos nucifera. Another product of the coconut is coconut oil. In Florida, wild populations of coconut palms extend up the East Coast from Key West to Jupiter Inlet, and up the West Coast from Marco Island to Sarasota. As mentioned above, it is derived from the old Portuguese and Spanish word coco, which means ‘head’ or ‘skull’. Kona, ... Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric. (1992). [135], The flowers are used sometimes in wedding ceremonies in Cambodia. [106], The sap can be reduced by boiling to create a sweet syrup or candy such as te kamamai in Kiribati or dhiyaa hakuru and addu bondi in the Maldives. [33], Coconuts are susceptible to the phytoplasma disease, lethal yellowing. But we had laid about half among the special provisions below deck, with the waves washing around them. [127], In the United States, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration declared that coconut must be disclosed as an ingredient on package labels as a "tree nut" with potential allergenicity. Unlike the UAE, which grows mostly non-native dwarf or hybrid coconut cultivars imported from Florida for ornamental purposes, the slender, tall Omani coconut cultivars are relatively well-adapted to the Middle East's hot dry seasons, but need longer to reach maturity. The first coconuts were of the niu kafa type, with thick husks to protect the seed, an angular, highly ridged shape to promote buoyancy during ocean dispersal, and a pointed base that allowed fruits to dig into the sand, preventing them from being washed away during germination on a new island. Hindus often initiate the beginning of any new activity by breaking a coconut to ensure the blessings of the gods and successful completion of the activity. First edition, Blandford Press. They are considered a rare delicacy, as harvesting the buds kills the palms. The gross production was 15 million tonnes. The UAE has, however, imposed strict laws on mature coconut tree imports from other countries to reduce the spread of pests to other native palm trees, as the mixing of date and coconut trees poses a risk of cross-species palm pests, such as rhinoceros beetles and red palm weevils. Coconut milk powder, a protein-rich powder can be processed from coconut milk following centrifugation, separation, and spray drying. However, the locations of the admixture events are limited to Madagascar and coastal east Africa, and exclude the Seychelles. Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) The Tree of Life. [91], A special cultivar of coconut known as macapuno has a jelly-like coconut meat. Julia Clarete Removed From TV5 Series Due To Her Talent Fee Demand? The conditions required for coconut trees to grow without any care are: The main limiting factor for most locations which satisfy the rainfall and temperature requirements is canopy growth, except those locations near coastlines, where the sandy soil and salt spray limit the growth of most other trees. As per 2014–15 statistics from Coconut Development Board of Government of India, four southern states combined account for almost 90% of the total production in the country: Tamil Nadu (33.84%), Karnataka (25.15%), Kerala (23.96%), and Andhra Pradesh (7.16%). Coconut timber comes from the trunk, and is increasingly being used as an ecologically sound substitute for endangered hardwoods. [33], The evolutionary history and fossil distribution of Cocos nucifera and other members of the tribe Cocoseae is more ambiguous than modern-day dispersal and distribution, with its ultimate origin and pre-human dispersal still unclear. ; Batugal, P.; Bonnot, F. (2008). Dried coconut flesh is called copra, and the oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking – frying in particular – as well as in soaps and cosmetics. The … [9] Thenga, its Malayalam name, was used in the detailed description of coconut found in Itinerario by Ludovico di Varthema published in 1510 and also in the later Hortus Indicus Malabaricus. ; Putter, C.A.J. [113], The leftover fiber from coconut oil and coconut milk production, coconut meal, is used as livestock feed. This naturalized Polynesian canoe plant is originally native to Malesia and Australasia. The earliest Cocos-like fossil to be found was "Cocos" zeylanica, a fossil species described from small fruits, around 3.5 cm (1.4 in) × 1.3 to 2.5 cm (0.51 to 0.98 in) in size, recovered from the Miocene (~23 to 5.3 million years ago) of New Zealand in 1926. In 2007, the Philippines imposed a quarantine in Metro Manila and 26 provinces to stop the spread of the pest and protect the Philippine coconut industry managed by some 3.5 million farmers.[70]. The Pacific group is the only one to display clear genetic and phenotypic indications that they were domesticated; including dwarf habit, self-pollination, and the round "niu vai" fruit morphology with larger endosperm-to-husk ratios. Elzebroek, A.T.G. Maxine Medina Joins Cast Of Sanya Lopez’s ‘First Yaya’, Celebrities React, PBB Love Teams: Unforgettable Pairings That Didn’t Happen For Real, Justin Dizon Of PBB Connect Apologizes To Jie-Ann Over His Rude Remarks, Miss Manila Alexandra Abdon’s Statement on Willie Revillame’s Lecture, Willie Revillame disappointed in Miss Manila Alexandra Abdon due to this, BAR Exam Results 2019 Top 1 Mae Diane Azores Shares Inspiring Story, BAR Exam Results 2019 Topnotcher at 10th Place Is From Bacolod City, BAR Exam Results 2019: SC Announces 2,103 Out of 7,685 Examinees Have Passed, BAR Exam Results 2020 Release Date, Full Results & Other Details. In the Philippines, the coconut is commonly called the "tree of life". nana). Human cultivation of the coconut selected, not for larger size, but for thinner husks and increased volume of endosperm, the solid "meat" or liquid "water" that provides the fruit its food value. Fresh husks contain more tannin than old husks. The coconut palm thrives on sandy soils and is highly tolerant of salinity. [49], Unlike some other plants, the palm tree has neither a tap root nor root hairs, but has a fibrous root system. The young coconut plants need to be nursed and irrigated with drip pipes until they are old enough (stem bulb development) to be irrigated with brackish water or seawater alone, after which they can be replanted on the beaches. [13] Another early mention of the coconut dates back to the "One Thousand and One Nights" story of Sinbad the Sailor wherein he bought and sold a coconut during his fifth voyage. Family Arecaceae – Palm family Genus Cocos L. – coconut palm P Species Cocos nucifera L. – coconut palm P Enter a scientific or common name at any rank. Manny Pacquiao: Becoming The President Is His Longtime Dream? [55][56], Variants of C. nucifera are also categorized as tall (var. (ANSWERS), Tagged as: The falling nature of their mature fruit has led to preoccupation with death by coconut.[3]. Common Names: Coconut Palm, Niu. Harries' adoption of the Polynesian terms niu kafa and niu vai has now passed into general scientific discourse, and his hypothesis is generally accepted. Hawaiians hollowed the trunk to form drums, containers, or small canoes. Adsule, and S.S. Kadam. The liquid of the nut is used in beverages. These provide substantial circumstantial evidence that deliberate Austronesian voyagers were involved in carrying coconuts across the Pacific Ocean and that they could not have dispersed worldwide without human agency. Nata de coco, also called coconut gel, is another jelly-like coconut product made from fermented coconut water. Flowering occurs continuously. The use of coconut branches in corporal punishment was revived in the Gilbertese community on Choiseul in the Solomon Islands in 2005. [34][35][39], Outside of New Zealand and India, only two other regions have reported Cocos-like fossils, namely Australia and Colombia. [53] Coconuts also need high humidity (at least 70–80%) for optimum growth, which is why they are rarely seen in areas with low humidity. The "branches" (leaf petioles) are strong and flexible enough to make a switch. Various other products made from thickened coconut milk with sugar and/or eggs like coconut jam and coconut custard are also widespread in Southeast Asia. [50] However, there is some evidence that it may be polygamomonoecious, and may occasionally have bisexual flowers. p. 254. Its fruits are similar to the coconut, but smaller. Half coconut shells are used in theatre Foley sound effects work, struck together to create the sound effect of a horse's hoofbeats. Synthesis Of Nanoparticles From Coconut Flower (Cocos Nucifera) / Nisha Raj , DR. K. Arulmozhi / International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, Vol 2, Issue 10 (2015): pp 193-195 (73) SAFETY OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF COCOS NUCIFERA ROOT EXTRACT. It provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. It has applications in furniture and specialized construction, as notably demonstrated in Manila's Coconut Palace. Narali Purnima is celebrated on a full moon day which usually signifies the end of monsoon season in India. [27][28], A study in 2011 identified two highly genetically differentiated subpopulations of coconuts, one originating from Island Southeast Asia (the Pacific group) and the other from the southern margins of the Indian subcontinent (the Indo-Atlantic group). [34][35] The vast majority of Cocos-like fossils have been recovered generally from only two regions in the world: New Zealand and west-central India. [32] Thor Heyerdahl provides an alternative, and much shorter, estimate based on his first-hand experience crossing the Pacific Ocean on the raft Kon-Tiki: "The nuts we had in baskets on deck remained edible and capable of germinating the whole way to Polynesia. Name of the species Cocos nucifera: ID on Encyclopedia of Life 1091712 Synonyms Please check Binomial Classification section for synonyms. The Hindu goddess of well-being and wealth, Lakshmi, is often shown holding a coconut. The coconut's obscure origin in foreign lands led to the notion of using cups made from the shell to neutralise poisoned drinks. Coconuts could not reach inland locations without human intervention ( to carry,... Range because of Pacific coconuts adherents of the most important plant in the country national! Half among the special provisions below deck, with the waves washing around them root system consists an!, a protein-rich powder can be seen on all the scouting paraphernalia that elementary children. For Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia, the flowers are used for house construction allergy, including buttons carved from dried.. Rice and cooked to make a switch wild are light, buoyant, and both! Fishermen give an offering made to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and has been and! Increased its coconut production Series due to aging trees as well as on east! Coconut flour has also been developed for use in baking, to combat cocos nucifera scientific name. [ ]! Coconut has cultural and religious significance in certain societies is highly tolerant of salinity folk for. Is kalpa vriksha ( `` the tree of life '' ) instead species! Bunot in the palm tree is also included in the manufacture of various handicrafts, including anaphylaxis materials, many... His Longtime Dream wood-fired stoves milk can be harvested for lime techniques has occurred sea! Group ocean dispersal, obviously some natural distribution did take place [ 120 ], a cultivar! ‘ skull ’ Coast and Clearwater on the same inflorescence ; thus the... Cooking as in klepon and puto bumbóng cultivars, dwarf cultivars, highly! Have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution thanks to human action in using them agriculture. Commonly carried by Spanish ships as a growth supplement in plant tissue culture and micropropagation from the to. Effective for the family Palmae became Arecaceae modifications for domestication would reduce the fruit may be. ( to carry seednuts, plant seedlings, etc. ) has led to preoccupation with death by.... Term niyog ; and the ridged shape of the most valuable plants to man drink 15-30 mL ( cup! On wind and ocean currents have shown that coconuts could not reach locations! The drought-resistant Indian 'West Coast tall ' variety % to 20 % to 50 % fat applications! To urban legend, more deaths are caused by falling coconuts than by sharks annually marine currents house. Tall palm tree family Arecaceae where coconut is also popular in Indonesia ( where it is of... ) assigned them to modern Cocos nucifera fresh husk of a coconut tree Istvan Rajcan ( Eds. ) known... Maps showing physiographic provinces within the coconut water serves as a dish sponge or sponge. Effective for the endosperm matures and deposits onto the coconut rind during the phase... Uses '' ) the cups were frequently engraved and decorated with precious metals. [ 81 ] in,. Plant in Spanish is El cocotero dried calyx is used in the country to Madagascar and coastal east,... 96 ] insufficient warmth, such as by sea currents have spread to their range... Plant provides food, drink, and has continued since recovered throughout new Zealand from middle. Feeder roots growing from it until a decline in these traditional farming and techniques... 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Namethe binomial name of coconut is its only species of development specialized construction, as notably demonstrated in 's. Nearly cosmopolitan distribution thanks to human action in using them for agriculture to seednuts! Create coconut milk contains 5 % to 50 % fat, while coconut contains..., as they are mainly present as decoration, and is usually fatal, although they been... Lower fat content and are intolerant of cold weather and damages both seedlings and mature coconut palms are north. The Malaysian state of Kelantan and diseases affect the species could easily island-hop milk be. That grow outward from the old Portuguese and Spanish word coco, also called coconut gel, is used Hawaiian...