Paris, France: Imprimerie officielle; Muse´um national d'histoire naturelle. , 2012. It is large succulent aromatic perennial herb, shrubby below, hispidly villous or tomentose. 1124 pp. P. amboinicus is widely cultivated as a medicinal plant, potherb, ornamental, and condiment in tropical regions around the world. The Many Health Benefits of Panikoorka. The PLANTS Database. Flora Mesoamericana. It was growing in the Virgin Islands by 1881, Puerto Rico by 1886, Guadeloupe by 1892, Jamaica by 1897, and Cuba by 1912 (Smithsonian Herbarium collections). © Copyright 2020 CAB International. Plectranthus species are also used for dry season fodder (Lukhoba et al., 2006), which might also result in further spread. Preliminary review of the invasive plants in the Pacific islands (SPREP Member Countries). Online Database. It is a widely used Ayurvedic herb and commonly known as Indian mint or Parnayavani. Bird common names are highly regulated. In Brazil, the species is often grown in subsistence agriculture (Wyk, 2005). http://botany.si.edu/Antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm, Bolivia Checklist, 2014. USDA-ARS, 2014. The margins are coarsely crenate to dentate-crenate except in the base. This plant is nicknamed “amboinicus” from Ambon, an island where a botanist lives, his name is … Leaves have stalks 1-4.5 cm long, densely velvety, like P. amboinicus is cultivated in gardens and commercial agricultural settings. Common Name: Cuban Oregano Family: Lamiaceae Lindl. Common names for Plectranthus amboinicus: Barbados Thyme, Country Borage, Cuban Oregano, Five Seasons Herb, French Thyme, Indian Mint, Jamaican Thyme, Mexican Oregano, Soup Mint, Spanish Thyme, Plectranthus amboinicus is included in the following B and T … Indian borage; Other Scientific Names. http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html, Randall RP, 2012. Botanical Name : Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) http://www.nhbs.com/title/79635/flore-de-m, Lukhoba C W, Simmonds M S J, Paton A J, 2006. Spreng. tall. The aromatic leaves are used as a food additive or spice, flavouring meat, soups, fish, and local beer (Hanelt et al., 2001; Wyk, 2005). Perth, Australia: Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 1124 pp. It is known to grow in rocky, loamy or sandy soil (Roux, 2003). List of species of the Flora of Brazil (Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil). Its name derives from the Greek words ‘plectron’, meaning ‘spur’, and ‘anthos’, meaning ‘flower’, in reference to the spur-shaped flowers of some members of the genus (Stearn, 1992). Plectranthus amboinicus is a sprawling and somewhat succulent herb, growing to 1 m tall. Habit: It is a mound-forming succulent subshrubs, shrubby at the base, much branched up to 150 (or more)cm in diameter and 30-90 cm tall if left untrimmed. 0.7 mm long, 0.5 mm wide. P. amboinicus has spread to most tropical parts of the world through intentional human introduction for cultivation. The risk of introduction for this species is likely to remain high due to its continued popularity as a cultivated culinary and medicinal herb. Tropicos database., St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden. https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov, Wagner WL, Lorence DH, 2014. A Global Compendium of Weeds., Perth, Australia: Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia. Panikoorka, or Plectranthus amboinicus, is a popular remedy used in South Indian states to treat coughs and colds in children.The plant is known for its numerous therapeutic benefits, and is particularly popular in Kerala. http://ecflora.cavehill.uwi.edu/index.html, Flora Mesoamericana, 2014. A Lamiaceae mint plant, Plectranthus amboinicus grows up to Template:Convert tall. It competes with native flora by forming dense thickets (PIER, 2014) and can regenerate both vegetatively and by seed (Whistler, 2000; Wagner and Lorence, 2014). Wallingford, UK: CABI, CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status inferred from regional distribution. Meyer JY, 2000. (Lista nacional de especies de plantas invasoras y potencialmente invasoras en la República de Cuba - 2011). Greensboro, North Carolina, USA: National Plant Data Team. National Plant Data Center, NRCS, USDA. Labiatae (South Australia) Lamiaceae (Queensland, New South Wales, the ACT, Victoria, Tasmania, Western Australia and the Northern Territory) English: country borage; Cuban oregano; French thyme; Indian mint; Mexican mint; soup mint; Spanish thyme Funk V; Hollowell T; Berry P; Kelloff C; Alexander SN, 2007. Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops (except Ornamentals). Leaves are Template:Convert by Template:Convert, fleshy, undivided (simple), broad, egg/oval-shaped with a tapering tip (ovate). - Labiatae [Lamiaceae]. http://www.tropicos.org/, PIER, 2014. http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html, Randall RP, 2012. Manila, Philippines: Bureau of Printing. Fruit nutlets smooth, pale brown, ca. The species epithet “amboinicus” is derived from Ambon, an island in the East Indies where Rumphius, a well-known botanist, is from. Botanical name: Coleus amboinicus Family: Lamiaceae (Mint family) Synonyms: Plectranthus amboinicus, Coleus aromaticus, Plectranthus aromaticus. http://www.forgottenbooks.org/books/Botanical_Publications_of_E_D_Merrill_1000888541. The origin of Cuban Oregano is unknown - it is widely Plants of the Eastern Caribbean. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/FM, Govaerts R, 2014. Flora of Madagascar and the Comoros. Merrill E D, 1923. The species reproduces both by seeds and vegetatively (Wagner and Lorence, 2014) and forms dense carpets in shaded dry forest (PIER, 2014). Although it is known to be cultivated in South America, the species was not included in Funk et al.’s (2007) work on the Guiana Shield or the Brazilian flora of Forzza et al. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Highly adaptable to different environments, Tolerates, or benefits from, cultivation, browsing pressure, mutilation, fire etc, Has propagules that can remain viable for more than one year, Highly likely to be transported internationally deliberately. P. amboinicus is of unknown origin but possibly Africa and India (Wagner and Lorence, 2014), and it has since been distributed and cultivated pantropically. Spreng; Synonyms : Coleus amboinicus Lour. Family 175- Labiatae (Flora of Madagascar and the Comoros. Leaves Photograph by: Mokkie. P. amboinicus occurs at low altitudes; in Mesoamerica the species grows from 0 to 800 m and in Bolivia it has been recorded at 0-500 m (Roux, 2003; Bolivia Checklist, 2014; Flora Mesoamericana, 2014). rhombic, or kidney-shaped, 4-10 cm long, 3-9 cm broad, coarsely toothed at Oviedo Prieto R; Herrera Oliver P; Caluff MG, et al. Old stems are smooth (glabrescent). Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. Since it is a popular and widely used herb, it may continue to escape cultivation and invade native ecosystems. http://plants.usda.gov. (Flore de Madagascar et des Comores. Coleus scutellarioides, commonly known as coleus, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae (the mint or deadnettle family), native to southeast Asia through to Australia. University of Hawaii, 2014. velvety spikes, 10-20 cm long. Washington, DC, USA: Smithsonian Institution. One or more of the features that are needed to show you the maps functionality are not available in the web browser that you are using. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 103(1):1-24. This family includes some of the most well-known herbs containing essential oils including lavender, sage, basil, mint and oregano. Tropical ornamentals. Typically growing to 60–75 cm (24–30 in) tall and wide, it is a bushy, woody-based evergreen perennial, widely grown for the highly decorative variegated leaves found in cultivated varieties. Because of the lack of clear-cut morphological criteria to discriminate not only among species within the Plectranthus genus but also among the closely related genera, numerous taxonomic problems in the naming of species have resulted in misplacement of species in several closely related genera like Coleus, Solenostemon and Englerastrum (Lukhoba et al., 2006). It is widely cultivated around the world for use in food and medicine, and has been known to escape from cultivation (Randall, 2012) into ecosystems where it will compete with native flora by forming dense carpets (PIER, 2014). The leaves are also eaten as a vegetable, as well as for washing clothes, hair, and laundry due to its fragrance (Whistler, 2000; Wyk, 2005; Lukhoba et al., 2006). A plant with many names, Plectranthus amboinicus is commonly called Cuban Oregano and also bears the monikers Mexican Mint, Indian Borage and Caribbean Oregano. In Singapore, it is best grown in semi-shade, but it can be grown in full sun in temperate climates. International Common Names. Washington DC, USA: Smithsonian Institution. The species can regenerate vegetatively as well as by seeds (Wagner and Lorence, 2014). An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants [reprint]. The risk of introduction for this species is likely to remain high due to its continued popularity as a cultivated culinary and medicinal herb. Botany Suganda is an erect, spreading, branched, rather coarse, strongly aromatic, green herb, with fleshy stems. Coleus amboinicus Lour. Washington DC, USA: Smithsonian Institution. Plectranthus: a review of ethnobotanical uses. P. amboinicus is known to be invasive in the Virgin Islands, Cuba, and various parts of the Pacific (see Distribution Table), and has a negative impact on ecosystems it has invaded. Preferred Scientific Name. can also be used to flavour meat dishes, especially beef, lamb and game. The plant is sometimes prostrate at base, with the branchlets rising up, densely hairy. The Lamiacae, or mint family, is a family of herbs, shrubs, and trees comprising about 200 genera and 3200 species, many with a long history of medicinal and food use (University of Hawaii, 2014). Benth. Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) http://tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?projectid=13, Broome R, Sabir K, Carrington S, 2007. Cuban Oregano is a sprawling and somewhat succulent herb, growing to 1 m tall. Show All Show Tabs Mexican mint General Information; Symbol: PLAM2 ... Scientific Name; COAM5: Coleus amboinicus Lour. Online Database. The species is tolerant of some shade (PIER, 2014), preferring fertile, well-drained soils in partially shaded areas (Whistler, 2000). http://tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?projectid=13, Broome R; Sabir K; Carrington S, 2007. Catalogue of the Seed Plants of the West Indies. It is considered a common weed in South Africa (Roux, 2003). Department of Botany Vascular Plant Family Access Page: Lamiaceae (Labiatae). An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants. Stearn WT, 1992. Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Bolivia, Tropicos website. Sprawling and somewhat succulent aromatic herb to 1 m high, sometimes subligneous and prostrate at base, the branchlets ascending, densely spreading-hirsute. Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. This evergreen perennial works well in mixed beds and mass plantings and as a ground-cover. The genus name “Plectranthus” is a combination of 2 Greek words that mean “spur” (plectron) and “flower” (anthos). The stem is fleshy, about Template:Convert, either with long rigid hairs (hispidly villous) or densely covered with soft, short and erect hairs (tomentose). Cuban oregano isn’t actually oregano, or even mint, thyme, or borage. View other plants in this family QR code link View other plants in this genus https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx, USDA-NRCS, 2014. Roux JP, 2003. It has also been recorded growing on roadsides (PIER, 2014) and can escape or become naturalized in disturbed places (Whistler, 2000). PIER, 2014. Hymoquinone (5) was further identified as a nonpolar ingredient from the hexane extract of P. amboinicus to suppress the expression of lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Plants in the Plectranthus genus are closely related to mint as they are part of the same family—the Lamiaceae family. glasshouse production), Tropical monsoon climate ( < 60mm precipitation driest month but > (100 - [total annual precipitation(mm}/25])), As - Tropical savanna climate with dry summer, < 60mm precipitation driest month (in summer) and < (100 - [total annual precipitation{mm}/25]), Aw - Tropical wet and dry savanna climate, < 60mm precipitation driest month (in winter) and < (100 - [total annual precipitation{mm}/25]), Cw - Warm temperate climate with dry winter, Warm temperate climate with dry winter (Warm average temp. cultivated world-wide. Plant common names… not so much. Among the several medicinal plants used in Ayurveda, Plectranthus amboinicus is known to possess anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-epileptic properties. In Bolivia the species is cultivated in semideciduous forest (Bolivia Checklist, 2014). Country of Origin: Kenya to S. Africa, Arabian Pen., India Description: Plectranthus amboinicus is a large succulent herb, fleshy and highly aromatic, much branched, possessing short soft erect hairs, with distinctive smelling leaves. The parent species Plectranthus amboinicus is from southeastern Africa. Description: Plectranthus amboinicus (sometimes misspelled amboinensis) is a succulent plant in the family Lamiaceae, possessing short soft erect hairs, with an agreeable and refreshing oregano-like flavour and odour. http://www.cabi.org/isc/FullTextPDF/2013/20133109119.pdf. Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. P. amboinicus contains limonene, linalool, myrcene and thymol as well as amorphene and cubebene, which may have antimicrobial activity (Lukhoba et al., 2006). 1192 pp. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/FM, Forzza R, 2010. Finely chopped, they Flowers are borne in 10-20-flowered, densely This species has many vernacular names, most of them inaccurately associating P. amboinicus as a mint, thyme, or oregano. [Wagner and Lorence, 2014]. Further research is recommended on control of the species. Barbados: University of the West Indies. Richmond, London, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Pacific Islands Ecosystems at Risk. Urban I, 1898-1928. Plectranthus amboinicus (Cuban Oregano) Scientific Name. Portland, OR, USA: Timber Press, 480 pp. Compendium record. ); Afrika-tiemie, krui-spoorsalie (Afr.) Wallingford, UK: CABI, CABI, Undated b. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. P. amboinicus is an aromatic herb listed in the Global Compendium of Weeds (Randall, 2012) as “cultivation escape, environmental weed, naturalised, weed” and is known to be invasive outside of its native range including Cuba (Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012) and the Pacific Islands (PIER, 2014). The leaves are strongly flavoured and make an It can tolerate a range of soil conditions, shade, and moisture (Whistler, 2000). Flora of South Africa. Invasive species in the Pacific: a technical review and draft regional strategy. Common names: African thyme, French thyme, country borage, Indian borage, Indian mint, broad-leaf thyme, soup mint (Eng. Flora de Madagascar et des Comores. The Indian Borage plant has the name “Plectranthus” which comes from the Greek “plectron”, meaning spur, and “Anthos”, meaning flower, this refers to a flower that is shaped like a nail. Spreng. Family 175- Labiatae). Berlin, Germany: Springer. Flora Mesoamericana., St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden. St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden. Hanelt P; Buttner R; Mansfeld R, 2001. P. amboinicus is distinguishable by its square-shaped stem, opposite leaves, strong and pleasant fragrance, and pale blue-to-pink two-lipped flowers (Whistler, 2000). Coleus amboinicus Lour. Honolulu, USA: University of Hawaii. Tropicos database. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/index.htm, Marianne Jennifer Datiles, Department of Botany-Smithsonian NMNH, Washington DC, USA, Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez, Department of Botany-Smithsonian NMNH, Washington DC, USA. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Bolivia, Tropicos website., St. Louis, Missouri; Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. Acevedo-Rodríguez P; Strong MT, 2012. In the USA, the species occurs as a perennial shrub (USDA-NRCS, 2014). Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) There are no pictures available for this datasheet, http://botany.si.edu/Antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm, http://tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?projectid=13, http://ecflora.cavehill.uwi.edu/index.html, http://www.nhbs.com/title/79635/flore-de-madagascar-et-des-comores-fam-175, http://www.forgottenbooks.org/books/Botanical_Publications_of_E_D_Merrill_1000888541, http://www.cabi.org/isc/FullTextPDF/2013/20133109119.pdf, http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/lami.htm, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch.aspx, http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/index.htm, http://www.nhbs.com/title/79635/flore-de-m, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx, http://botany.si.edu/antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm, http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, Protected agriculture (e.g. Merrill ED, 1923. Sepal cup is bell-shaped, 1.5-4 mm long. Baton Rouge, USA: National Plant Data Center. Stearns dictionary of plant names for gardeners: A handbok on the origin and meaning of the botanical names of some cultivated plants. Scientific Classification. Leaves have stalks densely velvety, like most mint family plants. Leaves petiolate with blades fleshy, broadly ovate to suborbicular, rhombic, or reniform, 4-10 cm long, 3-9 cm wide, rounded to truncate and then often long-attenuate at base, obtuse to rounded at apex, coarsely crenate to dentate at margins or entire toward base, densely appressed-pubescent above and beneath; petiole 1-4.5 cm long. Preferred Common Name. - Labiatae)., Paris, France: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle . Plectranthus species are also used for dry season fodder (Lukhoba et al., 2006). More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. The largest and probably the best known of the Plectranthus group is the plant we commonly call coleus. lip up to 5-6 x 4 mm, concave. It is considered a common weed in South Africa (Roux, 2003). (2010). Filaments of stamens are mostly fused into St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. Plectranthus amboinicus, Coleus aromaticus - Cuban Oregano Polska wersja PLANT PROFILE The plant that You can see on photos here is a herb that have many names. The species is also used in magico-religious rituals to ward off spirits, as a food additive, vegetable, insect repellant, and for its essential oils (Hanelt et al., 2001; Lukhoba et al., 2006). margin or entire toward base. Plectranthus is a large genus of plants native to areas in the Southern Hemisphere containing approximately 350 species. CABI is a registered EU trademark. Flora of the Marquesas Islands website., Washington DC, USA: Smithsonian Institution. 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